Directions to Solve: In each question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

Give answer

• (A) If only assumption I is implicit
• (B) If only assumption II is implicit
• (C) If either I or II is implicit
• (D) If both I and II are implicit.

Statement: “You are hereby appointed as a programmer with a probation period of one year and your performance will be reviewed at the end of the period for confirmation.” – A line in an appointment letter.

Assumptions:

1. The performance of an individual generally is not known at the time of appointment offer.
2. Generally an individual tries to prove his worth in the probation period.

1. Only assumption I is implicit
2. Only assumption II is implicit
3. Either I or II is implicit
4. Both I and II are implicit

EXPLANATION

The correct option is 5. Both I and II are implicit.
The performance of the individual has to be tested over a span of time as the statement mentions. So, I is implicit. The statement mentions that the individual’s worth shall be reviewed (during the probation period).

Directions to Solve: In each question below is given a statement followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then consider the two conclusions together and decide which of them logically follows beyond a reasonable doubt from the information given in the statement.

Give answer:

• (A) If only conclusion I follows
• (B) If only conclusion II follows
• (C) If either I or II follows
• (D) If neither I nor II follows and

Statements: In a one day cricket match, the total runs made by a team were 200. Out of these 160 runs were made by spinners.

Conclusions:

1. 80% of the team consists of spinners.
2. The opening batsmen were spinners.

• Only conclusion I follows
• Only conclusion II follows
• Either I or II follows
• Neither I nor II follows

EXPLANATION

The correct option is 4.

Neither I nor II follows. According to the statement, 80% of the total runs were made by spinners, So, I does not follow. Nothing about the opening batsmen is mentioned in the statement. So II also does not follow.

Directions to Solve: Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument.

Give answer:

• (A) If only argument I is strong
• (B) If only argument II is strong
• (C) If either I or II is strong
• (D) If neither I nor II is strong and

Statement: Should India encourage exports, when most things are insufficient for internal use itself?

Arguments:

1. Yes. We have to earn foreign exchange to pay for our imports.
2. No. Even selective encouragement would lead to shortages.

1. Only argument I is strong
2. Only argument II is strong
3. Either I or II is strong
4. Neither I nor II is strong

EXPLANATION

The correct option is 1. Clearly, India can export only the surplus and that which can be saved after fulfilling its own needs, to pay for its imports. Encouragement to export cannot lead to shortages as it shall provide the resources for imports. So, only argument I holds.

Directions to Solve: In each of the following questions, two statements numbered I and II are given. There may be cause and effect relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same cause or independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any relationship. Read both the statements in each question and mark your answer as

• (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect;
• (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect;
• (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes;
• (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes; and

Statements:

1. The prices of petrol and diesel in the domestic market have remained unchanged for the past few months.
2. The crude oil prices in the international market have gone up substantially in the last few months.

• (A) Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
• (B) Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
• (C) Both the statements I and II are independent causes
• (D) Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes

Statements:

• I. The government has recently fixed the fees for professional courses offered by the unaided institutions which are much lower than the fees charged last year.
• II. The parents of the aspiring students launched a severe agitation last year protesting against the high fees charged by the unaided institutions.
• (A) Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
• (B) Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
• (C) Both the statements I and II are independent causes
• (D) Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes

EXPLANATION

3. The correct option is 3. Since In one part of world prices are same and in other parts, prices are shooting up. So, they both are causes of different events. Hence, Option C is correct.

4. The correct option is 2. The parents’ protest against the high fees being charged by the institutions led the government to interfere and fix the fees at a more affordable level.

Q2-Q3. Directions to Solve: In each question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true and on the basis of the information given in the statement, decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.

Give answer

• (A) If only I follows
• (B) If only II follows
• (C) If either I or II follows
• (D) If both I and II follow.

2. Statement: A large number of people in ward X of the city are diagnosed to be suffering from a fatal malaria type.

Courses of Action:

1. The city municipal authority should take immediate steps to carry out extensive fumigation in ward X.
2. The people in the area should be advised to take steps to avoid mosquito bites.

• (A) Only I follow
• (B) Only II follows
• (C) Either I or II follows
• (D) Both I and II follow

3. Statement: Severe drought is reported to have set in several parts of the country.

Courses of Action:

• Government should immediately make arrangement for providing financial assistance to those affected.
• Food, water and fodder should immediately be sent to all these areas to save the people and cattle.

• (A) Only I follows
• (B) Only II follows
• (C) Either I or II follows
• (D) Both I and II follow

EXPLANATION

2. Option D. Clearly, prevention from mosquitoes and elimination of mosquitoes are two ways to prevent malaria. So, both the courses follow.
3. Option B. In this situation, the government should think about saving the lives of people and livestock by providing basic amenities like food and water. Providing financial assistance will not provide immediate relief and would put an extra burden on the funds.